By PAUL HARASIM / RJ
A number of veterans as
well as doctors now
believe that Vietnam
veterans...could have
contracted hepatitis C
through unsafe jet gun
vaccinations.
While it’s possible the government’s position on transmission of hepatitis C among boomers may have resulted in less testing, it’s critical today boomers forget any fears of stigma and get the easy blood test.
(Medical Xpress) -- Scientists at the University of Birmingham have demonstrated for the first time that human brain cells can become infected with the Hepatitis C virus (HCV), it is reported today.
The team of
virologists
found that the
endothelial
cells in the
brain possess
the four main
protein
receptors
necessary for
the blood-brain
barrier to be
targeted by HCV.
The findings,
which are
published online
today in
Research
Highlights in
the journal
Nature Reviews
Gastroenterology
and Hepatology,
show that cells
other than liver
hepatocytes can
be vulnerable to
HCV infection.
Working with the
Manhattan Brain
Bank in New
York, USA, the
researchers, led
by Dr Nicola
Fletcher, of the
University’s
School of
Immunity and
Infection,
detected HCV
genomic materal
in the brains of
four of ten
infected
patients who
posthumously
donated brain
and liver
tissue.
The team went on
to demonstrate
in laboratory
tests that brain
cells isolated
from the
blood-brain
barrier could be
infected with
HCV.
‘This is the
first report
that cells of
the central
nervous system
support HCV
replication,’
says
corresponding
author Professor
Jane McKeating,
chair of
molecular
virology at the
University of
Birmingham.
‘These
observations
could have
clinical
implications
providing a
reservoir for
the virus to
persist during
anti-viral
treatment’
"The endothelial
cells make up
the security
system of the
brain, a kind of
bouncer at the
door that keeps
out undesirable
elements,"
explains Dr
Fletcher. "If
this barrier is
compromised all
kinds of
substances can
gain access to
the brain, which
may explain the
fatigue and
other symptoms
reported by
HCV-infected
patients."
The current
standard of care
for treating
HCV-infected
patients is only
partially
effective, she
says, so there
is a
considerable
drive to develop
agents that
target viral
specific enzymes
as alternative
therapies.
"We anticipate
that such agents
will be less
able to cross
the blood-brain
barrier compared
to existing
drugs. We
believe our data
provides a
detailed
mechanistic view
of how an
infectious agent
can target the
brain."
Hepatitis C
virus (HCV) is
an RNA virus of
the Flaviviridae
family that
poses a global
health problem.
Infection leads
to progressive
liver disease
and has been
associated with
a variety of
extrahepatic
syndromes,
including
central nervous
system (CNS)
abnormalities.
More
information:
Hepatitis C
virus infects
the endothelial
cells of the
blood-brain
barrier
(Gastroenterology,
November 2011)